Metal Nanoparticles as Novel Drug Delivery Systems: A Review of Current Challenges and Opportunities

Abstract

Nanotechnology's intriguing characteristics have attracted a lot of study in recent years. Nanomaterials, nanoelectronics, and nanobiotechnology are all subfields of nanotechnology that share a great deal of common ground. The possibility for metal nanoparticles (MNPs) to completely transform treatment is what has made them so remarkable. In addition to avoid antibiotic resistance and improving medication delivery, MNPs have been shown to raise the efficacy index of medicines. Additionally, MNPs have applications in in vitro and in vivo tests, improved biodegradable substance production, and nutraceuticals. Improved targeting at the necessary target location is one major benefit of using metallic nanoparticles for drug delivery systems due to their improved durability and half-life in circulation. Bio-nanotechnology is expanding into the new field of green synthesis of MNPs, which is more environmentally friendly than traditional chemical and physical synthesis techniques. Focusing on environmentally friendly approaches to the preparation, surface modification, and applications of various MNPs like silver, gold, platinum, palladium, copper, zinc oxide, metal sulfide, and nanometal organic frameworks, this review seeks to present current insights into the challenges and perspectives of MNPs in drug delivery systems.